Flemington · — · 2025-11-06T02:35:00.000Z

RDA Subzero Handicap

1400mm/Going Good/12 runnersResult · 1:24.00

Information

Scratchings

#3 Sav On Ice
#11 Fengarada

Runners

Tap a runner for full form

1st

Draw 6

Getafix

JJ.B.McDonald17%·14d 1/25·Crs 4/18

TJohn O'Shea & Tom Charlton21%·14d 4/12·Crs 2/8

4yo · 57.5kg

Form

1-001

2.80

Career

6: 1-0-0

Owner

C Holt, Poker Crew Racing (M Lowe), Bloods Racing (M Lowe), Nyngan Boxing Shed (J Byrne), D Mcgrath, J Sampson, C Lawson, M Lowe, R Clarke, J Crocker, N Short, P Clarke, P Laurence, P Mccartin, P Milner, R Mckay, T Papley

Sire

Calyx (GB)

Dam

Grisaille

Age/Sex/Col

4yo Gelding Grey-Bay

Last run

140d ago

Win

17%

Place

17%

Last 6 · archive · latest first

8-9-12-5-4-1

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
8/10	06 Mar	Newcastle	Good	1400m	Group 3	Z.T.Lloyd (5)	54kg	7.00	Tuileries	4.95L
9/10	14 Feb	Royal Randwick	Good	1300m	BM88	Z.T.Lloyd (2)	61kg	17.00	Movin Out	2.98L
12/18	17 Jan	Aquis Park Gold Coast	Good	1400m	Listed	Z.T.Lloyd (1)	53kg	8.00	King Of Roseau	3.35L
5/8	01 Jan	Canterbury Park	Good	1200m	Listed	Z.T.Lloyd (6)	53kg	13.00	King's Secret	3.22L
4/9	15 Dec	Hawkesbury	Good	800m	OPEN-BT	Z.T.Lloyd			Tenderize	2.21L
1st/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	J.B.McDonald (6)	57.5kg	2.80	Won

Bit Slow Out Not Bustled Crossed rail Just Off Mid-Field 7l Saved Ground Turn 5l travelled up well Tight pushed Through 250 Kept Going Soundly to score # ground saving ride

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

2nd

Draw 4

Statuario

JL.J.Bates11%·14d 0/10·Crs 6/63

TEmma-Lee & David Browne6%·14d 0/9·Crs 0/13

4yo · 62kg

Form

-3452

11.00

Career

8: 0-2-1

Owner

Toward Reward Thoroughbreds Pty Ltd (M Sellick), Sparta Racing (D Browne), TR Miss Entice (M Sellick), The Five Kingsmen (T King), Buckets and Teddy (M Leahy), Grubby Seagull Racing (M Swinton), J Taylor, T Chan, J Jackson, G Hunt, S Drakos, F Carnovale, M Randall, M Randall, M Tidecz, N Jensen, G Wallace, H Mcgregor, D Casey, B Hannon

Sire

D'argento

Dam

Miss Entice

Age/Sex/Col

4yo Gelding Grey

Last run

104d ago

Win

Place

38%

Last 8 · archive · latest first

12-8-2-5-4-3-13-2

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
12/13	11 Apr	Caulfield	Soft	1600m	Listed	J.G.Radley (11)	54kg	31.00	Al Duca	9.48L
8/13	28 Mar	Flemington	Soft	1600m	HCP	D.M.Lane (6)	55.5kg	19.00	Al Duca	4.77L
2nd/6	10 Mar	Southside Pakenham	Soft	1000m	Jump Out - S5	J.Noonan			Our Pierro
5/5	25 Feb	Caulfield Heath	Soft	1000m	3UP CL3-OPN TRL	D.M.Lane			Justadeel	3.32L
4/16	13 Dec	Southside Pakenham	Good	2500m	Listed	L.Nolen (13)	56kg	10.00	Taramansour	3.86L
3rd/14	06 Dec	Sportsbet-Ballarat	Soft	2000m	Listed	L.J.Neindorf (7)	54kg	14.00	Berkeley Square	4.5L
13/13	22 Nov	Southside Cranbourne	Good	1600m	Listed	D.Yendall (8)	55kg	15.00	Sabaj	5.22L
2nd/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	L.J.Bates (4)	62kg	11.00	Getafix	0.75L

Jumped Ok Drifted Back Two Wide Mid Field 7l same Turn Ridden Along gets Clear Middle Of Track ran home hard # back/good

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

3rd

Draw 5

Chakado

JD.W.Stackhouse16%·14d 0/0·Crs 25/152

TP.J.Stokes14%·14d 2/39·Crs 0/27

5yo · 54kg

Form

130-3

10.00

Career

9: 0-1-1

Owner

Saddlers Knife (G Brook)

Sire

Toronado (IRE)

Dam

Chalk It Up

Age/Sex/Col

5yo Gelding Grey

Last run

3d ago

Win

Place

22%

Last 9 · archive · latest first

4-5-2-4-9-9-4-11-3

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
4/5	21 Jul	Morphettville	Soft	600m	J/O 6				Air Assault
5/15	07 Mar	Thomas Farms RC Murray Bridge	Good	1800m	BM68	C.Tootell (15)	62kg	4.20	Royal Mile	5.38L
2nd/6	21 Feb	Morphettville	Good	1600m	BM80	J.B.Opperman (4)	55.5kg	2.60	Bamyan Buddha	0.33L
4/14	31 Jan	Morphettville	Good	1600m	BM66	A.Warren	62.5kg	6.50	Royal Fox	2.77L
9/15	17 Jan	Flemington	Good	1800m	BM70	P.M.Moloney (8)	61.5kg	61.00	Fiorenot	8.55L
9/10	27 Dec	Southside Cranbourne	Good	1600m	BM78	L.Nolen (5)	58kg	11.00	Welcometotheshow	5.2L
4/8	16 Dec	Southside Pakenham	Good	1000m	Jump Out - G4	L.Nolen			The Western Front
11/11	29 Nov	Caulfield	Soft	1800m	BM74	T.Stockdale (7)	60.5kg	21.00	Opening Address	11.41L
3rd/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	D.W.Stackhouse (5)	54kg	10.00	Getafix	0.77L

Jumped Ok Went Forward to lead had good run Straightened Up 1-2l Clear left rail ? winner Through Inside him Headed 150 but fought well to place # led/solid

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Draw 3

Kahhof

JB.Mertens14%·14d 0/0·Crs 3/74

TJ.F.Moloney11%·14d 2/9·Crs 1/11

5yo · 54kg

Form

30-74

9.50

Career

11: 2-2-1

Owner

J Moloney, Champagne Experts (J Deagan), Balius Farm (T Dieu), A Veenman, J Elsworthy

Sire

Pierro

Dam

Stormcrusher

Age/Sex/Col

5yo Gelding Grey

Last run

9d ago

Win

18%

Place

45%

Last 11 · archive · latest first

1-2-7-4-1-3-9-2-9-4-4

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
1st/14	15 Jul	Sportsbet Sandown Hillside	Heavy	1400m	BM78	E.K.Pozman (8)	57.5kg	4.80	Won
2nd/13	01 Jul	Sportsbet Sandown Lakeside	Heavy	1400m	BM74	L.K.Cartwright (8)	59.5kg	9.00	Keane Enuff	1L
7/13	06 Jun	Flemington	Heavy	1400m	BM84	B.Mertens (2)	55kg	10.00	Roadcone	3.15L
4/12	20 May	Caulfield Heath	Soft	1200m	BM74	B.Mertens (4)	60kg	11.00	Impending Link	0.91L
1st/4	11 May	Southside Cranbourne	Synth	1000m	JumpOut - Synth	S.Clarke			Won
3rd/8	27 Apr	Southside Cranbourne	Good	800m	Jump Out - G4	S.Clarke			Kokako
9/12	10 Jan	Flemington	Good	1400m	BM74	L.Nolen (10)	60.5kg	8.50	Porter	6.35L
2nd/13	26 Dec	Sportsbet Sandown Lakeside	Good	1400m	BM70	W.J.Egan (6)	62.5kg	11.00	Stealth Of Night	0.75L
9/11	13 Dec	Southside Pakenham	Good	1400m	VGOLD BULLION	T.M.Nugent (8)	54kg	101.00	Persian Spirit	3.9L
4/8	22 Nov	Southside Cranbourne	Good	1300m	BM70	S.Clarke (3)	62.5kg	7.50	Al Prancer	2.71L

Jumped Ok Run Of Race behind Leader Straightened Up with rails gap 1 length joine din winner gets Through Outside him Kept Going Soundly but No Match solid # had good run

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Draw 7

Cloudland

JE.P.Brown20%·14d 0/0·Crs 5/34

TK.A.Lees12%·14d 5/45·Crs 0/7

7yo · 61kg

Form

17145

5.50

Career

9: 2-0-0

Owner

O T I Management P/L (T Henderson), V M E D Racing (K Evans), Men in Lightning (S Brown), Beartown No. 4 (B Martin Oam), Adelante Pty Limited (G Debono), Uthmeyer Racing (G Uthmeyer), R Menchise, L Webb, M Henderson, R Barnham, D Mckeown, G Van Ameyden, I Paton, J Spence, J Spence, C Books, J Gurrieri, G Howard

Sire

Swiss Ace

Dam

Commiserate

Age/Sex/Col

7yo Gelding Grey

Last run

41d ago

Win

22%

Place

22%

Last 9 · archive · latest first

11-12-1-11-1-10-4-5-5

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
11/11	13 Jun	Eagle Farm	Heavy	1200m	Listed	K.McEvoy (2)	55kg	16.00	Midnight In Tokyo	19.67L
12/16	23 May	Doomben	Good	1350m	Group 3	D.G.Moor (1)	54.5kg	41.00	Abounding	4.06L
1st/8	25 Apr	Eagle Farm	Heavy	1200m	HCP	B.Osmond (2)	56kg	9.00	Won
11/13	28 Mar	Rosehill Gardens	Soft	1400m	BM88	W.Stanley (10)	61kg	51.00	Captain Furai	12.96L
1st/7	17 Mar	Beaumont Newcastle	Good	1000m	OPEN-BT	W.Stanley			Won
10/12	28 Feb	Royal Randwick	Soft	1200m	BM88	B.Nock (3)	61.5kg	12.00	Mal Coupe	5.86L
4/7	19 Feb	Royal Randwick	Soft	1050m	OPEN-BT	D.Gibbons			Watson	4.03L
5/7	28 Jan	Wyong	Good	1000m	OPEN-BT	B.Osmond			Is It Spectacular	3.47L
5/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	E.P.Brown (7)	61kg	5.50	Getafix	1.72L

Jumped Well Went Forward Settled Down Outside Lead 1 length Straightened Up same laid in xlose up 200 Kept Going Soundly but No Match Leader beat him # handy/had chance

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Draw 12

Feeling Dusty

JB.Allen16%·14d 0/0·Crs 38/166

TC.J.Littlefield15%·14d 2/15·Crs 3/17

5yo · 54kg

Form

212-6

15.00

Career

3: 0-1-0

Owner

J Hay, Whiskywill (D Williams), R Tofts, A Shore, I Riley, M Longmuir, S Mcnamara, J Riley, K Longmuir, M Nitschke, T Bird, G Andrews, P Carmody, L Andrews

Sire

Puissance de Lune (IRE)

Dam

Paniz (NZ)

Age/Sex/Col

5yo Gelding Grey

Last run

220d ago

Win

Place

33%

Last 3 · archive · latest first

2-6-6

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
2nd/8	16 Dec	Southside Pakenham	Good	1000m	Jump Out - G4	T.M.Nugent			The Western Front
6/9	28 Nov	Southside Pakenham	Soft	1600m	BM70	B.Allen (2)	59kg	3.60	Eye For An Eye	5.27L
6/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	B.Allen (12)	54kg	15.00	Getafix	2.47L

Bit Slow Out Not Bustled from Outside Settled Down 2nd last Outside 9l 3 Wide With Cover peeled widest in Straight Hard Ridden Middle Of Track ran on ok Without threat # ok from tail

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Draw 1

Berkshire Shadow

JM.Zahra20%·14d 0/0·Crs 13/61

TC.Maher13%·14d 21/134·Crs 24/155

7yo · 59.5kg

Form

-8877

8.00

Career

8: 1-0-1

Owner

Australian Bloodstock Pty Ltd (L Murrell), B.J & A.K Paterson (B Paterson), No Bull (D Garreffa), Shadow Racing (D Osborne-fry), Berkshire Shadow (J Lovett), G & M Barnett Racing (M Barnett), J Hunter, J Murray, D Butcher, M Barker, M Garreffa, S Roth, A Brogan, J Woodbridge, B Watkins, T Dickson, D Mcgrath, D Robertson, N Loader, N Whatmore

Sire

Dark Angel (IRE)

Dam

Angel Vision (IRE)

Age/Sex/Col

7yo Gelding Grey

Last run

2d ago

Win

13%

Place

25%

Last 8 · archive · latest first

5-3-10-10-1-4-8-7

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
5/10	22 Jul	Gosford	Heavy	1000m	OPEN-BT	J.Ford			Emery	2.89L
3rd/7	08 Jul	Wyong	Heavy	1000m	OPEN-BT	J.Ford			Hanau	2L
10/10	06 Mar	Newcastle	Good	1400m	Group 3	A.B.Collett (3)	54kg	101.00	Tuileries	15.49L
10/10	14 Feb	Royal Randwick	Good	1300m	BM88	S.Clipperton (9)	58.5kg	71.00	Movin Out	4.93L
1st/6	28 Jan	Wyong	Good	1200m	OPEN-BT	A.B.Collett			Won
4/7	08 Jan	Beaumont Newcastle	Good	1000m	OPEN-BT	A.Roper			Cool Waters	1.65L
8/13	15 Nov	Caulfield	Good	1400m	BM84	L.J.Bates (8)	62kg	61.00	Taken	3.12L
7/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	M.Zahra (1)	59.5kg	8.00	Getafix	3.47L

began fairly Settled Down 2back Inside 5l Straightened Up same edged off up behind them Just Held Ground # Even Effort

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Draw 2

Le Zebra

JD.M.Lane17%·14d 0/0·Crs 19/85

TEmma-Lee & David Browne6%·14d 0/9·Crs 0/13

5yo · 55kg

Form

44-98

8.50

Career

3: 1-0-0

Owner

Sparta Racing (D Browne), P Dean, M Pollard, M Stewart, M Brindle, M Ellis, J Schick, J Stewart, C Kwok, T Stewart, D Dean, D Devonport, S Caught

Sire

Rip Van Winkle (IRE)

Dam

Angel Del Dinero (NZ)

Age/Sex/Col

5yo Gelding Grey

Last run

115d ago

Win

33%

Place

33%

Last 3 · archive · latest first

6-1-8

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
6/7	31 Mar	Southside Pakenham	Soft	800m	Jump Out - S6	J.G.Radley			Gracie's Rain
1st/9	15 Nov	Dunkeld	Soft	1800m	DUNKELD CUP	W.Gordon (2)	58.5kg	3.50	Won
8/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	D.M.Lane (2)	55kg	8.50	Getafix	4.47L

Bit Slow Out basd Two Wide 6th 5l and keen Straightened Up in Clear 4l laboured home # keen/plain

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

9
8
Draw 10
Carini
JM.J.Dee13%·14d 5/35·Crs 13/104
TG.M.Bedggood13%·14d 2/24·Crs 3/45
7yo · 54kg
Form
93709
41.00
Career
1: 0-0-0
Owner
K Flaherty, The Landed Gentry No.3 (J Mattingley), Wyuna Racing (J Ryan), Bluebirds Old Boys (D Downie), Molly Racing (P Sharp), Metung boys (D Campbell), Bootleggers (S Britten), Hunter Graeber Racing (A Graeber), S Murphy, G Burte, C Daly, C Elliott, C Miller, N Guida, K Radford, A Woff, A Guida, J Sist, D Hayes
Sire
Siyouni (FR)
Dam
Candarliya (FR)
Age/Sex/Col
7yo Gelding Grey-Brown
Last run
260d ago
Win
0%
Place
0%
Last 1 · archive · latest first
9
Recent runs
Pos Date Venue Cond Dist Class Jockey (Bar) Wt SP Winner Mgn
9/12 06 Nov Flemington Good 1400m GREYS BM90 M.J.Dee (10) 54kg 41.00 Getafix 5.47L
Bit Slow Out Settled Down last 9l well back Inside Turn behind 1st Held Ground to line back Inside # Never Likely
Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
9/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	M.J.Dee (10)	54kg	41.00	Getafix	5.47L

Draw 11

Raven's Silver

JP.M.Moloney12%·14d 4/25·Crs 0/33

TW.B.Brisbourne14%·14d 0/23·Crs 4/22

6yo · 54kg

Form

74430

201.00

Career

11: 1-1-2

Owner

J Spears, D Eacott, T Walter, P Carmody, P Eacott, A Chan, A Mavridis, R Stevens, E Bartram, E Robertson, J Woolley, K Bennett, K Mitchell, P White, M Rickman, J Bartram, J Bennett

Sire

Crackerjack King (IRE)

Dam

Raven's Fire

Age/Sex/Col

6yo Gelding Grey-Brown

Last run

18d ago

Win

Place

36%

Last 11 · archive · latest first

1-3-5-9-5-7-5-3-2-8-10

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
1st/14	06 Jul	Sportsbet-Wangaratta	Heavy	1000m	0 - 56	B.Rawiller (14)	60kg	3.90	Won
3rd/6	19 Jun	Flemington	Soft	800m	Jump Out - S6	Z.Spain			Mystic Rapture
5/6	12 Jun	Picklebet Park Werribee	Soft	800m	Jump Out - S6	H.Durnan			Sistine Tunnel
9/12	24 Mar	bet365 Yarra Valley	Soft	1500m	BM56	L.King (7)	61kg	6.50	Count Of Toulouse	11.02L
5/9	13 Mar	bet365 Park Kyneton	Good	1459m	BM56	D.Bates (2)	61.5kg	7.00	Hustle	2.41L
7/9	28 Feb	Sportsbet-Wangaratta	Good	1300m	BM70	C.A.Taylor (3)	55kg	21.00	Taung	3.27L
5/10	05 Feb	Albury	Good	1175m	BM66	L.King (9)	58kg	18.00	Light Foot	4.16L
3rd/10	04 Jan	Picklebet Park Wodonga	Good	1300m	BM62	L.King (8)	59.5kg	14.00	Foreman's Gully	2.25L
2nd/10	09 Dec	Wagga	Good	1200m	CL2 BM62	L.King (5)	59.5kg	9.00	Heavenly Kiss	0.74L
8/11	02 Dec	Donald	Good	1200m	BM56	A.G.Kennedy (8)	63kg	21.00	Turn Up The Night	2.77L

Jumped Ok Settled Down Off Mid-Field 8l well back Turn Just Held Ground back there ok for weaker # same all way

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Draw 8

Prince Jofra

JC.Williams22%·14d 10/42·Crs 13/90

TJ.E.Manning8%·14d 0/3·Crs 0/1

7yo · 54.5kg

Form

572-0

81.00

Career

8: 0-0-1

Owner

On Fire Racing (J Kersten), Six Dogs (C Gibbings), Sweet Boys Racing (R Sweet), Racing Royals (A Kelly), K Wilson, B Cunningham, A Darcy, M Roditis, M Turner, J Manning, I Dunstan-goodger, I Wachtel, D De Silva, S Aylett, W Gibbons, G Flesfadar, G Nicholls, B Scott, M Freeman, M Gasparis

Sire

Barbados

Dam

The Bend (NZ)

Age/Sex/Col

7yo Gelding Grey-Bay

Last run

20d ago

Win

Place

13%

Last 8 · archive · latest first

6-9-9-7-4-3-8-11

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
6/7	04 Jul	Darwin	Good	1600m	BMNT	P.J.Shiers (7)	58.5kg	12.00	Maxxi Bon	8.2L
9/10	06 Jun	Morphettville Parks	Heavy	1550m	BM76	H.Grace (8)	59.5kg	31.00	Mystic Wonder	8.19L
9/14	16 May	Morphettville Parks	Good	1300m	BM74	J.B.Murphy (14)	60.5kg	151.00	Synchro	4.14L
7/8	17 Jan	Thomas Farms RC Murray Bridge	Good	2000m	BM78	C.N.Rawiller (8)	59kg	10.00	Crimson Vine	5.91L
4/12	03 Jan	Sportsbet Gawler	Good	2107m	BM72	I.Sit (9)	62kg	26.00	Magnetic Edge	2.73L
3rd/9	13 Dec	Sportsbet Gawler	Good	2100m	BM78	C.N.Rawiller (4)	59kg	19.00	Grinzinger Bishop	2.77L
8/8	15 Nov	Morphettville Parks	Good	1550m	BM78	R.L.Milnes (5)	60kg	31.00	Dual Pressure	4.48L
11/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	C.Williams (8)	54.5kg	81.00	Getafix	8.43L

Jumped Ok slots in 1-1 3l Straightened Up same Couldn'T Go On Not Knocked About # poor

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

Draw 9

The Maggstar

JS.Wynne1%·14d 0/3·Crs 0/1

TT.Furdetska0%·14d 0/2·Crs 0/1

7yo · 54kg

Form

6-900

151.00

Career

4: 0-0-1

Owner

T Furdetska, A Furdetskyy, A Masters, B Masters, K Walburgh, V Diachuk, H Kovalchuk, H Thompson, S Kellett, S Stogryn, O Feschenko, P Maher

Sire

Barbados

Dam

De La Cruz

Age/Sex/Col

7yo Mare Grey

Last run

77d ago

Win

Place

25%

Last 4 · archive · latest first

10-6-3-12

Recent runs

Pos	Date	Venue	Cond	Dist	Class	Jockey (Bar)	Wt	SP	Winner	Mgn
10/10	08 May	Southside Pakenham	Heavy	1400m	BM62	L.Wood (6)	60kg	81.00	Camp Cable	11.82L
6/10	26 Apr	bet365 Seymour	Soft	1414m	BM62	O.I.East (3)	60.5kg	31.00	Lethal Thoughts	4.26L
3rd/7	13 Apr	Southside Cranbourne	Heavy	800m	Jump Out - H8				Brutalina
12/12	06 Nov	Flemington	Good	1400m	GREYS BM90	S.Wynne (9)	54kg	151.00	Getafix	13.43L

Bit Slow Out Tight 3 Wide Off Mid-Field No Cover 7l Given No Hope Straightened Up same dropped out. say # Inconclusive

Race history →Jockey record →Trainer record →

3
Sav On Ice
SCR
11
Fengarada
SCR